Municipal heat planning is the central instrument for the local implementation of the heat transition. Municipalities have a key role to play here, as they know the local conditions and challenges in the municipality and at the same time have the necessary knowledge of local renewable energy potential and relevant local actors and stakeholders, which is crucial for the implementation of the heating transition. Based on literature analyses, project workshops and a cluster meeting with four research projects, this report presents key findings, obstacles and recommendations with regard to the KWP in a structured manner.

The report makes it clear that municipal heat planning has so far suffered from inconsistent terminology, a lack of standards and unclear legal requirements. This means that key obstacles such as a lack of business models for cross-sector systems, a lack of basic data and economic uncertainties cannot be adequately addressed.

With a view to accelerating the implementation of the heating transition, however, binding plans with clearly defined implementation instruments (e.g. connection obligations, development plans) are required. Municipalities, municipal utilities, industry, the housing sector and other local stakeholders each play specific roles and must be involved at an early stage. Standardized data models, legal clarifications (e.g. on the use of waste heat), incentives for prosumers and a central data platform are also instruments for effectively implementing the KWP. At the same time, structured participation processes tailored to the local context, monitoring instruments and a regular revision process of the KWP are required. All of this can succeed in particular if there is stronger nationwide coordination and sharing of experience to support the municipal level.

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