Since 2020, the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen has been specifically promoting alternative, common-good-oriented economic models. The focus is on social-ecologically oriented companies such as social entrepreneurs, solidarity-based economic models, and other alternative economic actors. They are active in areas such as inclusion, climate protection, circular economy, and social services. The study, conducted by the Institute for Ecological Economy Research, is the first empirical investigation of the economic and social relevance of the alternative economy in the state of Bremen. It is based on an expanded understanding of economics that supplements traditional indicators with alternative economic indicators in order to highlight contributions to social-ecological transformation. 

Key questions concern the sectoral location, organizational forms, and economic and social significance of this hitherto little-known economic sector. Methodologically, the study combines an online survey of alternative economic organizations with qualitative expert interviews. The key findings are: 

1. Scope and diversity: Around 400 alternative economic enterprises are active in Bremen and Bremerhaven. They cover key areas of life, including education, social services, health, food, crafts, housing, energy, and the cultural and creative industries. They are characterized by strong local roots, close networking, and often multifunctional offerings. Many companies combine social and ecological goals and develop innovative, common-good-oriented business models.
    
2. Economic independence and resilience: The alternative economy is largely self-financed and is not solely dependent on government subsidies. Its resilience to crises is based on diversified sources of income, broad stakeholder support, and strong integration into civil society. The number of employees and volunteers underscores its practical relevance.
    
3. Social and transformative significance: Alternative economy actors address previously neglected needs, set new ecological standards, and test innovative organizational and business models. Their effects are primarily felt locally and regionally; however, their potential for scaling and visibility has not yet been fully exploited. 

The study contributes to making the alternative economy more visible and underlining its role as a pioneer of a sustainable economy oriented toward the common good. 

As supplementary reading to the study, we recommend the discussion paper “What is Alternative Economy?”. It provides a more in-depth understanding of the concepts underlying the empirical study.