Public sector and infrastructure financing of German seaports and waterways - Optimization instead of double sponsorship

In German seaports parallel infrastructures with huge investment and maintenance costs are being funded despite increasing financial constraints. So, at the moment, on the one hand port infrastructures are being increasingly underutilized and their maintainance cannot be guaranteed and on the other hand new (parallel) infrastructures are being planned with significant (consequential) costs. Against the background of current discussions about the expansion projects, we need to check which costs (investment and maintenance costs) will be associated with the proposed project and more especially how to assess how the costs will change. The focus will be on Bremerhaven, Hamburg Harbor and the Jade-Weser-Port (focus BVWP).